Internet Explorer has been a cornerstone of Windows ever since 1995, but it looks like Microsoft is ready to leave its venerable (if sometimes infamous) web browser by the wayside. ZDNet understands that a previously rumored overhaul to Internet Explorer for Windows 10, nicknamed Spartan, is actually a brand new creation. It would still use the company's own web engines, but it would be far more "light-weight" and, if you believe earlier leaks, behave more like Chrome or Firefox. The break is reportedly sharp enough that the future Windows version will keep Internet Explorer 11 around in case you need it for certain apps or features.
Microsoft hasn't confirmed anything, and there aren't any guarantees that it'll reveal Spartan when we attend its Windows 10 event on January 21st. However, the folks in Redmond have plenty of incentives to ditch their legacy work. There will be versions of Spartan for both desktop and mobile users, so efficiency is important. Also, Microsoft has considered dropping the IE name solely to escape the browser's old reputation as an insecure, non-standard mess -- new software might help people shake those awful memories. If nothing else, a fresh browser would acknowledge that Google and Mozilla have accomplished a lot through their rapid-fire upgrade cycles.

for the first year

Windows as a service

We got our first look at a bunch of features in Windows 10, which comes out next week for people who signed up for the pre-release. As expected, Microsoft made a strong push toward connecting its devices more seamlessly, part of its universal apps program. Office, Outlook, and other apps all work quite similarly across devices, and Cortana is everywhere, working as a natural-language interface and personal assistant. The big surprise, however, was Microsoft’s foray into virtual reality, with its HoloLens glasses, an ambitious bid to create a system for overlaying holographic images over the real world.


The core of Windows 10, unveiled

New look, old start menu
After the sea change that was Windows 8, Microsoft is still trying to make an operating system that will work on both mobile devices and PCs. Beyond purely visual changes like reworked desktop icons, Windows 10’s start menu will now expand to a full-screen view that looks like Windows 8.1’s home screen. A new Android-style Action Center provides quick access to Wi-Fi options, Bluetooth, and other settings — and the settings menus themselves should be cleaned up and easier to use. It’s another effort to keep the best features of desktop Windows while adapting to touchscreens. A new feature called Continuum, in fact, is designed specifically for convertible devices, switching almost instantly from a mouse and keyboard to a tablet screen. It obviously works pretty well on the stage, but so far, we haven’t seen more than early testing builds.

Desktop on your phone
Windows 8 was a desktop / tablet compromise, but Windows 10 is going even further: it’s for phones, too. There’s a build of it tailored to devices smaller than 8 inches, which reorganizes the interface to look a lot more like the old Windows Phone operating system. True to Microsoft’s unified vision, notifications will sync between PC and phone, and Microsoft-owned service Skype will integrate into the messaging app. One of Windows Phone’s fatal flaws, of course, was that it didn’t work well (or at all) with other major apps like Instagram or Gmail. But with a heavier focus on universal apps, and an assurance that this isn’t just "Windows Phone" but actual Windows, it’s possible Microsoft will be in better shape this time around.

Cortana on your desktop
Cortana, Microsoft’s personal digital assistant, is coming to the PC. Long available on mobile, Cortana will now live next to the start button on the task bar and serve as a natural-language interface for Windows 10. It will answer spoken or typed queries, searching documents across local documents as well as ones stored on OneDrive. It will also propose web links and other suggestions — if you type Skype, for example, it or link to the store if you haven’t installed it already. Cortana will also be integrated into the new Maps app, reminding you where you parked your car. Cortana will also be proactive, popping up notifications it thinks you’ll be interested in — tracking flights, stocks, sports, and other it’s either learned or you’ve entered manually into its notebook.

New apps everywhere

Want to run PowerPoint from a phone?
Microsoft demonstrated its vision for getting all its Windows 10 PCs, tablets, and phones to work well together. First up was the unified Office, the phone and tablet versions of which look very similar to the desktop one. Most of the same formatting options are there, and the recent documents list syncs between devices, so you can collaborate on documents on the go. Microsoft ran a Powerpoint presentation from a phone and said you could wirelessly print documents from mobile as well. It’s a different strategy from Apple, which has designed distinct software for iOS and OSX for different devices. Microsoft built the full Word engine into the universal Outlook app. It has iOS-like swiping interface for deleting and flagging messages. The PC version looks similar and a lot cleaner than the current Mail client. Photos will upload to OneDrive, and the photo app will aggregate pictures from all devices, remove duplicates and clutter, and organize them automatically into albums.

Internet Explorer is over. Say hello to Project Spartan
As we saw in some leaks earlier this month, Windows is replacing the much-maligned Internet Explorer with a new browser codenamed Project Spartan, designed for Windows 10. It’s a cleaner browser with a lot of shiny new features and integration with other Microsoft services. There’s a "note-taking mode" that lets you draw all over pages with a stylus or add comments with a keyboard, then save the results on OneNote. A clean "reading mode" does what you might expect: it formats a page like a book and adds a syncable reading list that’s basically "Pocket for Microsoft" or Safari’s page-saving feature. And like just about everything else Microsoft announced today, Spartan has Cortana built into it, contextually recognizing information like restaurants or plane flights and offering extra information.

A bigger role for OneDrive
It didn’t get a distinct announcement, but OneDrive was everywhere in Microsoft’s presentation. It formed the backbone of its unified apps, allowing documents to sync across devices. Belfiore also teased a larger role for OneDrive in photos and music: Music, for example, will sync between devices using OneDrive. There weren’t many details, but Joe Belfiore said the feature would be added in "a month or two."

Your PC is now your Xbox
Microsoft owns a vast majority of the computer gaming market. It owns a substantial portion of the console gaming market. So why was its now-defunct PC gaming network, Games for Windows Live, so horrible? Hopefully Microsoft has figured this out, because it’s now announced an Xbox app for launch on every Windows 10 machine. The app brings over Xbox One features like your messages, friends list, and activity feed. You’ll be able to chat with people on Xbox Live and view console achievements and videos from your desktop, as well as record your own clips on PC.
From this first look, it seems a lot like an expanded version of Microsoft’s SmartGlass mobile app. But more excitingly, you can actually stream games from your Xbox One — it’s roughly comparable to Sony streaming games from the PlayStation 4 to the Vita, except that instead of a mobile console, you could stream Xbox games to a Windows tablet like the Surface.

Hardware got weird

Microsoft made a giant touchscreen TV
Microsoft announced the Surface Hub, an 84-inch 4K screen meant for the workplace. It has cameras, speakers, mics, Bluetooth, NFC, and a touchscreen interface meant for a stylus. The idea is that you can have meetings, with members, appearing via Skype, and draw on the screen, with your work shared between everyone’s devices. It's Microsoft's latest iteration of the large-scale multitouch technology from Perceptive Pixel, a research company it acquired in 2012.

Microsoft's virtual reality headset is here — and it's augmented reality
The most shockingly ambitious, unexpected, and bizarrely sci-fi announcement of the event was Microsoft's foray into augmented reality. The Microsoft HoloLens is a see-through visor that overlays holographic imagery over the real world. The video showed architects walking through building renders, plumbers drawing instructions onto faucets remotely, and someone playing Minecraft on tabletops. Also possibly a virtual dog. Alex Kipman, who worked on Kinect, described it as the future of technology, art, and everything.

It’s powered by a new processor, what Kipman called a holographic processing unit. It’s equipped with sensors to detect the real world and gestures of the user, as well as holographic sound. It has no wires and doesn’t need to connect to phones or PCs. Holographic APIs are built into all Windows 10 devices, and Kipman invited developers of Magic Leap, Glass, and Oculus to come work with it. He said it would be "available in the Windows 10 timeframe."